Thursday, May 5, 2016

Day 4 Wrap Up...Another lack-luster day...

Today we were forecasting for Boise, ID. There was a marginal severe weather risk out for portions of the area. During the early afternoon there was a lot of cirrus clouds moving through the area. This limited many things...including the low level AMV's, CI and Severe CI, LAPS data, and NUCAPS soundings. That being said...we were still able to get a good NUCAPS sounding later on in the evening that seemed representative of the environment.

For warning operations...however...I mainly relied on radar data from multiple sites and 1-minute visible satellite imagery to account for any terrain blockage and for the lack of additional data. CI and ProbSevere didn't pick up on much except for the one storm that was warned on (the BOI forecast office warned on it too). Below is an animation of the convection across ID and OR today...

GOES-15 in Rapid Scan Operations
Overall...warning operations in the west is definitely more difficult than in the eastern CONUS. The base radar data and 1-minute visible imagery were the keys to situational awareness and warning operations today.

~Lilly Miller~

End of Day 4

A generally uneventful day for the BOI CWA.  Widespread pesky cirrus cloud debris negated much usefulness with GOES CI.  On the other hand prob severe did provide useful information with high based convection that developed over southern Idaho with one lone vigorous storm prompting the only severe thunderstorm warning of the afternoon.

GOES LAP once again provided good environmental data in clear sky retrieval areas over the northern/central CWA and of which matched nicely with surface parcel modified 2103Z NUCAPS pass.   Otherwise limited lightning production resulted in no viable lightning jump output.  Finally, given limited low level satellite derived wind information prior to convective initiation across northern NV and southern ID, GOES SRSOS 1 min visible imagery proved valuable in providing low level cumulus cloud tracer motions.

Tornadotod

Day 4 Wrap Up Report

As the week goes on (no pun intended), the threat for severe wx continues to decline.

We were assigned the Pendleton CWA today. The LAP product panel earlier in the day didn't look too impressive with regard to severe thunderstorms. There were a few ordinary thunderstorms that popped up and many were terrain driven today.

What I took away from the day today is that when there is sparse radar coverage in the CWA (i.e. out west), the GOES 1 minute imagery really helps to detect the towering CU in the region.

-BW


Overview of Thursday, May 5, 2016.

Today, we were in the Pendleton, OR CWA, for a Marginal Risk from SPC. The  main feature to focus on were 500 mb vorticity maxima moving northwest into the region during the afternoon. This would combine with cold temperatures aloft to product ample MUCAPE. Deep layer shear was relatively strong (40 to 50 knots) in the eastern portions of the area, weaker to the west.

The LAP products provided good estimates of CAPE during the afternoon, when sampled with the cloudy sky data. There were not many locations that had this, but was inferred to be over most of the area with the modified NUCAPS soundings. Using these products together helped gain confidence in the amount of CAPE over the area.

The GOES winds also helped with estimating the deep layer (700 mb to 250 mb) shear over the area, as the afternoon evolved. This was handy to assess the environment and storm mode.

The CI product was helpful with showing CI potential, despite middle to high clouds blocking some areas. The CI values were low in these areas, but would have been much higher had there not been any middle to high clouds. Using the 1-minute SRSOR imagery to watch the cumulus development, and radar to confirm cell development, these low CI values were a clue that initiation was likely.

I did not get a chance to use Prob Severe and lightning jump much, as the convection was not strong. Some cells had enough lightning flash rates to bring the Prob Severe values to 30%, but they would weaken within a few radar volume scans. No lightning jumps were detected.

JJW

CI gives a lead time of 45 minutes!

The highest CI of the day matched up with the highest ProbSevere Probability...so far! The CI algorithm showed a 61% probability at 2030Z. Then...as convection formed and moved northwest towards that specific area where the CI was...the cell intensified and became severe. By 2215Z, the ProbSevere probability peaked at 50% (without any satellite information) and a warning was issued!

Convective  Initiation Algorithm at 2030Z
ProbSevere Probability overlaid with ENI Total Lightning and 1-minute SRSOR Visible imagery at 2215Z

~Lilly Miller~

NUCAPS Sounding Showing Increasing MUCAPE And Lower 0C/-20C Levels!

The adjusted NUCAPS sounding, taken near KBNO, just southeast of the Pendleton, OR CWA, showed MUCAPE values over 1200 J/kg at 2100 UTC. This was higher than the 800 J/kg estimated at 1800 UTC earlier (off of the 1200 UTC BOI sounding).


This made sense, as the LAP CAPE product in the upper left image below showed similar values in the cloudy sampled areas (the yellow areas in the upper right image) at 2100 UTC. There is some caution here, as the complex terrain may affect CAPE values in some areas. Still, the NUCAPS sounding gave an idea of how the instability has evolved this afternoon across the area.


In addition, the 0C and -20C levels from the NUCAPS sounding were lower (by a few thousand feet) than the modified 1200 UTC sounding from Boise, ID. This gave me a heads up to lower these levels for monitoring storms. The NUCAPS soundings seem to be a good situational awareness tool! JJW

GOES Winds Detecting Strong Shear Aloft!

The GOES winds in the lower left corner of this 4 panel image shows 718 mb level winds of 14 knots, and 275 mb level winds at 77 knots, in north central Wallowa County at 2150 UTC. This would give approximate deep layer shear (in the 720 mb to 275 mb layer) of 63 knots. Pretty strong shear, and a great way to get the latest shear values across this area! JJW


BOI pulls the trigger...

Vigorous high based storm now ongoing south of Jordan Valley.  Per steady escalation of prob severe and 55 dBZ core aloft in deeply mixed environment pulled the trigger on a severe thunderstorm warning for potential damaging winds.


BULLETIN - IMMEDIATE BROADCAST REQUESTED
SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING
NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE BOISE ID
401 PM MDT THU MAY 5 2016

THE NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE IN BOISE HAS ISSUED A

* SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WARNING FOR...
  WEST CENTRAL OWYHEE COUNTY IN SOUTHWESTERN IDAHO...
  EAST CENTRAL MALHEUR COUNTY IN SOUTHEASTERN OREGON...

* UNTIL 500 PM MDT

* AT 401 PM MDT...DOPPLER RADAR INDICATED A SEVERE THUNDERSTORM
  CAPABLE OF PRODUCING DAMAGING WINDS IN EXCESS OF 60 MPH. THIS STORM
  WAS LOCATED 28 MILES SOUTHWEST OF SILVER CITY...OR 30 MILES EAST OF
  ROME...AND MOVING NORTHWEST AT 45 MPH. PENNY SIZE HAIL MAY ALSO
  ACCOMPANY THE DAMAGING WINDS.

* THIS SEVERE THUNDERSTORM WILL REMAIN OVER MAINLY RURAL AREAS OF
  WEST CENTRAL OWYHEE AND EAST CENTRAL MALHEUR COUNTIES...INCLUDING
  THE FOLLOWING LOCATIONS: LITTLE GRASSY RESERVOIR...AROCK...DANNER...
  COW LAKES...SOUTH MOUNTAIN...ANTELOPE RESERVOIR...NORTH FORK OWYHEE
  CAMPGROUND...CLIFFS...LITTLE GRASSY MOUNTAIN AND CASTRO RIDGE.

PRECAUTIONARY/PREPAREDNESS ACTIONS...

SEVERE THUNDERSTORMS PRODUCE DAMAGING WINDS...DESTRUCTIVE HAIL...DEADLY
LIGHTNING AND VERY HEAVY RAIN. FOR YOUR PROTECTION...MOVE TO AN
INTERIOR ROOM ON THE LOWEST FLOOR OF YOUR HOME OR BUSINESS. HEAVY
RAINS FLOOD ROADS QUICKLY SO DO NOT DRIVE INTO AREAS WHERE WATER
COVERS THE ROAD.

&&

LAT...LON 4267 11680 4255 11708 4299 11764 4316 11722
TIME...MOT...LOC 2201Z 145DEG 38KT 4267 11705

$$

TORNADOTOD

CI Detection Despite Low CI Values!

The upper left image below shows a low CI probability for a developing cell in northwestern Wallowa County at 2130 UTC. The CI probability was 25%. This area did not have much middle to high clouds, so the sampling was better than other areas. Still, the CI probability was relatively low.






The image below shows the Pendleton, OR radar image of the cell increasing above 35 dBZ at 2155 UTC. This gave about 25 minutes of lead time, even though the cell had a relatively low CI probability. This shows that when the middle to high clouds are not an issue, the CI product can perform well, even with low CI probabilities. JJW


Cell Development Near Terrain - Little Lightning/Prob Severe Detection.

The radar image from Pendleton, OR below shows a cell developing in north central Klickitat County. The cursor readout shows 57 dBZ at 2144 UTC. There was another cell that developed in nearly the same spot over the past hour.


The image below shows the topography of the area, with the cursor readout showing a local high point in that general area, with an elevation of 5,760 feet. This shows that local terrain is helping induce these cells in that same general spot. There is little to no lightning detected with this cell, and the Prob Severe is 0%. This may be due to the more sparse lightning detection in that part of the country. Still, neat to see orographic convection develop! JJW